How did major reforms like Tanzimat in the Ottoman Empire, the reforms in Qajar Persia, and the project of Suez Canal in Egypt result in increased Western interventions in the Middle East?
Sources to. use:
Chapter:
Gasper, Michael (2014). The Making of the Modern Middle East in Ellen Lust. ed. The Middle East. 13th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: CQ Press, 2014, pp. 2-72.
Documentary:
Promises and betrayals, Middle East: Britain and the Struggle for the Holy Land (UK/Israel/Palestine) 2002.
